Many reports strongly support the health benefits of consuming long chain omega 3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish such as sardines, mackerel or salmon, or in fish oil supplements. General recommendations are that we consume at least one serving of oily fish per week; typical intakes are about one third of this. Recent research indicates possible benefits of increased intakes of these fatty acids in conditions such as dyslexia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dyspraxia, although further supportive studies would be needed to allow claims to be made for the effective treatment of these conditions.

There are reports of an association between fatty acid deficiency signs (excessive thirst, dry skin and hair) and dyslexia in children. Lower measured fatty acid status has also been reported to be linked to increased behaviour and learning problems in boys. Any such associations are more likely to be due to differences in metabolism of fatty acids rather than diet, and intervention studies are needed to prove a link.

There are a few studies that have been carried out using supplements of long chain omega 3 fatty acids in comparison to placebo supplements in children with a diagnosis of dyslexia or other educational problems. Results are not consistent, but indicate improvements in some of the measures assessed, such as ‘inattention’ scores. Intervention intakes of the long chain omega 3 fatty acid EPA are much higher than could be achieved by obtained just by eating oily fish, and the period of supplement-taking needs to be for several months.

There are many reasons for delayed or poor reading, or other learning disorders, and some guidance and assessment should be sought, to identify possible beneficial educational strategies. The use of fish oil supplements may be supportive in some children, but research is needed to better identify effective interventions, and those most likely to benefit.

More information can be found on the website www.fabresearch.org.

This information was correct at issue. For personal dietary information, a local  dietitian is the best source of information. Want to be sure the dietitian you consult is registered? Check the Health Professions Council search facility of dietitians registered in the UK (www.hpc-uk.org)

January 2006